Who forecast the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation?

Bose-Einstein condensation is a state of matter that occurs at extremely low temperatures, leading to quantum effects that can be observed on a macroscopic scale. This phenomenon was first predicted by the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose and later extended by the renowned physicist Albert Einstein.

Bose formulated a theory regarding the statistical mechanics of photons, which ultimately led to the understanding of how particles known as bosons behave at low temperatures. Einstein recognized the implications of Bose's work and predicted that when a group of these bosons is cooled to temperatures close to absolute zero, they would occupy the same quantum state, thus behaving as a single quantum entity. This unique phase of matter, known as Bose-Einstein condensation, was first achieved experimentally decades later in 1995 with a group of atoms.

The other pairs listed in the choices made significant contributions to their respective fields but were not involved in the theoretical development of Bose-Einstein condensation. Therefore, the collaboration between Bose and Einstein is foundational to the understanding and prediction of this fascinating quantum phenomenon.