OSAT Physical Science Practice Test

Specialized cells are crucial in multi-celled organisms because they perform distinct functions necessary for the organism's survival. In complex organisms, such as humans, cells differentiate into various types, each taking on specific roles that contribute to the overall function of the body. For example, muscle cells are specialized for contraction and movement, nerve cells for transmitting signals, and red blood cells for transporting oxygen. This division of labor allows organisms to operate efficiently, as different tasks are handled by cells best suited for those functions, promoting the overall health and survival of the organism.

In contrast, energy generation does not solely depend on specialized cells, as it involves various biochemical processes throughout the organism. Additionally, while some cells may share similarities, specialized cells are characterized by their differences in structure and function, not by being identical. Finally, while growth does involve cell replication, the main purpose of specialized cells is to carry out vital functions rather than simply increasing in number. Therefore, the correct understanding of specialized cells highlights their unique contributions to the organism’s survival and function.