Which statement correctly describes the movement of gas particles according to Graham's observations?

The statement that light gas particles move faster than heavier particles is aligned with Graham's law of effusion and diffusion, which states that the rate at which gas particles diffuse is inversely related to the square root of their molar masses. This means that lighter gas molecules, having less mass, can achieve higher speeds at a given temperature due to their lower inertia.

Graham observed that when gases effuse, lighter gases pass through small openings more quickly than heavier gases. This results in a noticeable difference in the rates of movement, highlighting the idea that the kinetic energy of gas particles is related to their mass; thus, lighter particles have higher average velocities.

Understanding this principle is essential in physical science, particularly in studying the behavior of gases under various physical conditions. Other options do not accurately reflect the relationship between particle mass and gas movement, as they either underestimate the speed aspect or misinterpret the role of temperature or particle weight in gas behavior.