What does statistical physics assert regarding the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?

The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is a statistical description of the distribution of energy states among particles in a classical gas. It states that, in a system of many identical particles, there are no restrictions on the number of particles that can occupy a given energy state, allowing for a broad range of energy distributions. This implies that multiple particles can share the same energy level without any restrictions, which is a fundamental concept in classical statistical mechanics.

This understanding stems from the principle that, in statistical physics, the behavior of large numbers of particles can be treated in a way that doesn't require distinguishing between individual particles. The distribution reflects how energy is spread out over the particles, and each energy state can be populated by many particles depending on the energy available and the temperature of the system.

In contrast, the other options suggest limitations on how particles occupy energy states, which does not align with the principles set forth by the Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics in classical systems. Thus, the assertion that no limitations exist on particle state occupancy accurately represents the core idea of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.