What distinguishes iron oxide from iron metal?

Iron oxide is distinguished from iron metal primarily by its different properties, which arise from the formation of a chemical compound rather than a pure element. Iron metal is characterized by its malleability, ductility, and ability to conduct electricity and heat well, while iron oxide, comprising iron combined with oxygen, exhibits completely different characteristics.

The formation of iron oxide changes its physical and chemical properties significantly. For instance, iron oxide is generally less conductive than iron metal and may display different levels of reactivity, hardness, and appearance. In addition, iron oxide is often brittle compared to iron and can be used in applications like pigments or as abrasives, rather than in structural roles where metallic iron is used.

Thus, the distinction based on the different properties of iron oxide and iron metal is key to understanding their applications and behaviors in various environments.