What characterizes an ionic crystal?

An ionic crystal is characterized by being composed of multiple elements that are held together through strong electrostatic attractions between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). This arrangement creates a three-dimensional lattice structure, where the ions are positioned to maximize the attractions and minimize repulsions between them.

This electrostatic force in ionic bonds is significantly stronger than other types of interactions, resulting in high melting and boiling points for ionic compounds. The structural integrity and stability of ionic crystals stem from this lattice arrangement, allowing them to maintain their shape and resist external forces.

The other choices do not accurately describe the properties of ionic crystals. A single element cannot form an ionic crystal, as ionic bonds require the presence of at least two different ions. Covalent bonds, on the other hand, involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, which is a different bonding mechanism than that which characterizes ionic crystals. Lastly, while some ionic compounds may be formed at higher temperatures, many can form at ambient conditions, making the temperature factor not exclusive to ionic crystal formation.